NASA Gemini V Mission Debriefing Transcript

GEMINI V Technical Debriefing Part II NOTICE: This document may be exempt from public disclosure under the Freedom of Infor- mation Act (5 U.S.C. 552). Requests for its re- lease to PERSONS outside the U. S. Government should be handled under the provisions of NASA Policy Dire…

PRELIMINARY GT-5 FLIGHT CREW DEBRIEFING TRANSCRIPT PART II Prepared By Spacecraft Operations Branch Flight Crew Support Division September 2, 1965 This material contains information affecting the national defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Law…

PREFACE This preliminary transcript was made from voice tape recordings of the GT-5 flight crew debriefing conducted August 30, 1965 thru September 2, 1965 at the Crew Quarters, Cape Kennedy, Florida. Although all the material contained in this transcript has been edited, the u…

TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page number 8.0 SYSTEMS OPERATION 8.1 Platform .................................... 1 8.2 OAMS ...................................... 16 8.3 RCS ....................................... 47 8.4 Environmental Control System .................... 54 8.5 C…

12.0 PREMISSION PLANNING 12.1 Mission Plan (Trajectory) ........................255 12.2 Flight Plan ....................................255 12.3 Spacecraft Changes ...............................255 12.4 Mission Rules ....................................256 12.5 Experiments ....…

1 8.0 SYSTEMS OPERATIONS 8.1 Platform Cooper By day we used standard procedure of finding a zero yaw, which is a little easier to do down at about retro position. The nose is a little bit in the way for determining zero yaw unless you pitch down just a little past nose low in…

2 the needles zeroed. It would slowly gyro torque itself and correct out the SMALL errors for fine alinement. Anything to add, Pete? Conrad Well, I didn't hear all of that, but I think the alinement is straightforward. One thing I had not read in either the GT-3 or GT-4 debrief…

3 Conrad Yes Cooper I think this would be a tremendous benefit and shouldn't be difficult to come up with. Conrad If you place your eye so that it goes through the lower left corner of the right window or the lower right corner of the left window and run that eye position righ…

4 that way that platform isn't off 4 or 5 degrees in roll or pitch. Cooper So, it really looks like, when you first start lining it up, it appears to you that from the left seat that you're actually rolled left. Conrad Yes, that's right. Cooper And from your seat it would loo…

5 Conrad You don't want to be deceived by the fact that the needles are holding in the center pretty well. Cooper That's right, one thing that we found when we were going through this real, real long platform alinement prior to getting all lined up for retro- fire was that we h…

6 Cooper And it takes time to do it and do a really good job on it. Modes. The only thing I can say about Cage is that it takes an excessively long time to Cage. Conrad I'll comment on this even though we didn't get a chance to do the rendezvous, but even in simula- tion, it w…

7 to retro, we wanted to save as much fuel as possible, so we alined BEF and I think alining BEF is easier than in SEF. Cooper Yes. Conrad I think you can tell yaw better going backwards than you can going forward. Cooper Yes. Conrad I don't know why, maybe it was just psych…

8 Cooper I think either way (SEF, BEF) is good, both worked very adequately and it just depends on which way you want to aline for what you're going to do. BEF is certainly at least as acceptable as SEF. ORBIT RATE was not bad off at all. We didn't have any large errors in it d…

9 Conrad Yes, for about 20 hours that we drifted around. It was finally off the most in roll. It got about 15 degrees off in roll. Cooper Orbit Rate worked very well. Conrad Other than inertial work, I just didn't see any big advantage in free. You'd still think in terms of th…

10 Regardless of which way you approached it from, whether you approached it fast or slow or whether you're going through the 90 or 270 point on the ball, you can go right smack through the middle of it, you can sit right in the middle of it, you can move up or down, right or le…

11 had less authority in the spacecraft than it does in the simulator. On the other hand, I felt the RATE COMMAND system had a heck of a lot more authority in the spacecraft than it does in the simulator. Cooper That RATE COMMAND just flat snaps you in. In the simulator, when y…

12 with how nice a control system it was. We made several maneuvers using this control system and didn't have any gripes on that system at all. As Gordo said we were really impressed with the Rate Command system. FCSD REP When you turned around 90 degrees in order to get rid of…

13 Cooper You can't use the FDI's or the 8-ball as a reference in the mission simulation because you have this GIMBAL flip which just gives you fits. We didn't use Rate Command very much, mainly just for the burns. In fact, the burns are the only times we used Rate Command. I u…

14 simulator. You didn't have to lead as much. Cooper That's right. The Direct system was a much more precise system in the spacecraft than it is in the simulator. Conrad I thought it was quite easy to fly, but there's no doubt about it, boy, that Rate Command eats up the fue…

15 Cooper Direct uses quite a bit of fuel also. Conrad We did use a little fuel that one day. We were doing so many experiments in a row that we had to very rapidly get the spacecraft back to a zero- zero-zero or a pitch down 30 position. When you track one of these targets and…

16 Cooper Platform controls were very straight forward. I thought they all functioned as expected. Conrad The Platform took the full 25 minutes to go through the fast heat, and the first time on it was really cold and took another 3 minutes worth before start of the Cage Cycle.…

17 is when we found the two thrusters that were not operating correctly. Conrad The number 8 thruster was working real good when we found that the number 7 thruster was out. So we shut the system down again and had a big talk with Houston about this. We went one more revolution…

18 I could. I didn't think we were in that much trouble for electrical power. I still think it was a mistake because I think even with a couple of blankets out, if we'd have kept the system warm with the rest of the heaters, we'd have never froze them up. Cooper The thrusters t…

19 of doing experiments on the fifth day, and we had had a little trouble alining the platform. What was happening, apparently was the number 7 thruster was getting cranky, but we also knew we were vent- ing hydrogen and we knew this because we were getting some torqueing out of…

20 think that's about the time we really decided the scanner wasn't any good, or had we already told them about that? Cooper Yes. We'd already told them about that. Conrad Yes, you're right. I know what it was. That's when we discovered that the voice tape was out. We were rig…

21 Conrad Yes. That's when we came around on the next revolution. They had us fire up everything again to take a look at it and that's when we found out number 8 had just gone down the tubes too. But number 8 was still giving us something; number 8 was still burning, but it was…

22 All kinds of garbage came by the spacecraft. It looked like we blew a whole bunch of junk out of it. I remember distinctly seeing gold balls. Cooper Great big balls of liquid. Conrad So it must have been raw fuel. Something at this time wasn't working right, but I guess num…

23 Conrad We didn't hit the direct thrusters long enough to heat them I don't think. I do distinctly remember saying to Gordo "We blew all this junk out of there." Conrad We'd never seen anything like that before and we'd been up there 5 days and seen all sorts of things. We co…

24 Conrad We had some thrust remaining in every axis but yaw left. We had some in yaw left if you just wanted to dump raw fuel overboard. I don't know whether it was fuel or oxidizer. Cooper Generally, what we'd do is roll and pitch to get our yaw left. Conrad If we were tumbl…

25 Conrad It ran down in the 48 degree area. Cooper It showed that it was running too cold. That's why we questioned turning the OAMS heater off. Cooper Regulated pressure was fine. Conrad Right on the money. Cooper Propellant quantity seemed to read reasonably good until it…

26 convinced that because we went so long with the QAMS heater off that we were not burning a nominal fuel to oxidizer ratio. Cooper Yes. Even though we were in a rush to get a lot of these things done, I was still extremely conscious of fuel usage. Although I'd used Direct to…

27 Cooper We were using it for Attitude Hold and for getting pictures and to get through the day side. Conrad Oh Yes. We never used Rate Command except for the maneuver burns. Cooper We were tracking the missile using Diredt. Had to get on it in a rush so I went to Direct. Co…

28 Cooper So then we asked again when we were in orbit, "About this underload on QAMS fuel". I suspect that something was fouled up because we didn't get a full OAMS load. That was pretty bad. Cooper I think monitoring onboard of propellant remaining to complete the mission was…

29 Cooper And stop your rate at the back. Conrad As a matter of fact, that's about twice the fuel usage. They may take this into account, I doubt it. They're very conservative on their estimates. Cooper Selector controls and switches were all right. Attitude controller was fin…

30 shows that it is. The Pulse mode was very economical on fuel and I felt that in the simulator you had a little more authority than you actually did in the spacecraft. The spacecraft had slightly less authority in Pulse than the simulator does. Inci- dentally, you can use Puls…

31 Conrad I thought it held to about a degree and a half. Cooper Not in yaw, you remember. It allowed yaw to wander off by probably a good 10 degrees there. Remember it allowed right yaw to wander off by about 10 degrees and just sit off there in right yaw several times. It wou…

32 good. There again, it might have been a function of the thrusters going out. In any event, I think that's an error that somebody needs to look into. I'm not sure that platform mode is doing what it should. I know that, theoretically, and by the diagrams on it and the limits t…

33 Cooper I think we had some bias, just how much I don't know. The timing of the translation was fine, updating was fine. Operations and checklist were okay. Computer usage, okay. Conrad It was easier to make a burn on the simulator that had no up-down or left and right in it…

34 wasn't going to have any velocities in there, and very seldom did. But we never failed to have fairly sizeable ones, like 3/10 and 4/10 fps, in another axis and I'm not quite sure how it got there. I guess the spacecraft is extremely sensitive. If you're going to make precise…

35 up zero, then you still wind up with 4/10, 5/10, or 6/10 in all your windows. I just don't know how you're ever going to do any better than that. (Unless you use the above procedure). Cooper Translation REP deployment was passable. FCSD Rep This one you didn't. You didn't f…

36 out on us and we began to drift off in yaw. Conrad Dropping out wouldn't have been bad, but when it dropped out it also commanded some thrusting. Cooper We got some real good blips out of it. Conrad We were alining in the Horizon Scan Mode and I got the impression that it…

37 everything was settled down. The Horizon Scanner was working at that point. It quit working properly after we turned to yaw right. We had already gone into Orbital Rate, so we could care less about the scanner at this point. We got it alined, and we're already in Orbital Rate…

38 tumbling in the other axes. The blanket was sitting right next to it. Cooper The blanket went out and was sitting right by it. It went right on out with it. That was the funny part of it. The blanket was between the REP and us. Conrad Yes. Cooper The blanket goes out first…

39 which calls for putting the computer to CATCH-UP. I had gone through and zeroed 25, 26, and 27, taking the ascent routine numbers out of it. So that I knew that we were getting the right readings. I had put the computer back in PRELAUNCH, also had this discus- sion at that ti…

40 a strange vehicle, with strange control systems that you've only simulated as about best you can, and no visual simulation available for doing anything out- the-window, you just cannot expect people to stay right on top of things when it occurs in the first part of the flight…

41 down and coming to a null out there, it appeared to start moving somewhat at the same separation rate to the south of us slightly towards a trail position very slowly. We tracked it for a long time. We were track- ing it straight out and then all of a sudden, it be- gan to lo…

42 out of plane, in that it hung around us so darned long. Cooper It stayed with us for 20 orbits! Conrad We saw it until the light burned out. It was never far away from us. During five night cycles it was close enough that the flashing light illuminated the spacecraft. At th…

43 at this rate. Cooper We had a short discussion on this and decided that we'd better power down and forget the REP because we were in trouble. Cooper So we tearfully decided to give up the REP and power down. Houston agreed with us when we got in touch with them that we had…

44 left and right. We wound up with too much going forward and we started to back up and suddenly we remembered we couldn't back up so then we decided well, we'd just leave the errors on the burn and burn it the best we could because no matter what happened we're going to transl…

45 Cooper We did a separation burn and we did a closing burn and a coelliptic burn. Those the ones we did, Pete? Conrad Well, it was-- Cooper We did not a standard coelliptic--it was a-- Conrad No, we did a maneuver burn, which as--wait a minute--we did an apogee adjust maneu…

46 a couple of times. And they were very straight forward--left, right, up, down. Cooper We even fired the forward-one quick little blip. Conrad We fired the forward one then we suddenly remembered we weren't supposed to. FCSD rep What kind of visual out-the-window did you se…

47 FCSD rep OK- well, I don't think there is much we can add then--did you get all of these readings out of-- Conrad 80-81-82-58-59-69- Yeah, that stuff works just like the simulator. We got the readings. Cooper OK - On to 8.3 - RCS. 8.3 RCS FCSD rep Let's go into the RCS -…

48 Conrad We didn't even check reentry rate command-- Cooper We used direct, used pulse. We used the rate command. We used horizon scan. Conrad I know what it was--why don't you tell them about this--and I'm going to see if I can get the fuel figures-- Cooper OK. And they all…

49 budged it off there. RCS, I mean the rate command--One thing on rate command before retrofire and just after retrofire, waiting for retrojet, and then starting the pitch up to go up and roll over inverted and go to zero lift, the dual ring rate command is just more than you c…

50 where you really begin to get the high g, after your high g, in fact, along about coincidental with a real high g, when you begin to get some fairly good oscillations, very rapid rate, I had no problems damping them at all but I didn't have the time to keep switching back and…

51 jiggle--single ring was holding it just as tight as could be. Retrofire attitude control - I had already mentioned on there- dual ring. Rate Command, reentry attitude control--I had already mentioned how we shot the reentry. No primary heater lights. Heater lights on the RCS…

52 one time I noted the RCS Ring B was up to 80 degrees. I watched it quite closely for a while and then it never went beyond that and came on back down to about 70. And they stayed there essentially the whole flight. I think you need those heaters on obviously the whole--all th…

53 right up just about that size--it grows very slightly but not a heck of a lot and so it's just about something in the order of 4 inches diameter. Something like that--it has little expansion ratio--it expands as it comes out the nozzle slightly, and then it just goes sort of…

54 neglible--you had to really be looking for them to tell they were there. There was just a very slight musty odor in there--fume. Not sure--I'm not sure that part of this odor isn't part of the ablating going on because fiberglass ablates with pretty high fume rates. Some pret…

55 Cooper Yeah, when you are sealed up in it it gives you about a half a psi in pressure in there which doesn't decrease your mobility a great deal over what the regular suit does. Temperature in the suit, I certainly can't complain there. I had to sort of eat crow on that. That…

56

The suit seemed to run pretty dry. I wasn't conscious of any great amount of perspiration in it at all. A couple of times when we had fairly heavy work loads I was aware of the feeling of cool air and felt like it was drying sweat. CO2. We got 2 or 3 indications of CO2 on the PCO…

57

other suit but there just isn't any way of having comfort in a pressure suit. Darn thing gives you pressure points and bulges and gouges and cuts down, scrapes you here and there, prevents you from being able to stretch and scratch and have any comfort. There isn't any comfort in…

58

Cooper Humidity. The suit seemed to run pretty dry. I wasn't conscious of any great amount of perspiration in it at all. A couple of times we had fairly heavy work loads, I was aware of any little cool air and felt like it was kind of drying sweat. CO2. We got two or three i…

59

erroneous gage. The suit comfort is no darn good. It's no worse than any other suit but there just isn't any way of having comfort in a pressure suit. The darn thing gives you pressure points and bulges and gouges and cuff dam scrapes you here and there and prevents you from bein…

60

made my whole chest and rib area sore from the mainfold, the end inside the suit being gouged over, being cantilevered over and digging in side ways on me. So, it's a real pressure point. It was the worst pressure point I had were from the suit hoses, and I had my suit hoses deli…

61

all. Cabin temperature ran 70 to 75 degrees and humidity ran about 62 to 67 per cent the whole flight. We have the figures somewhere here. We can get in here and get those out, but we have the figures where we ran daily checks; at least once a day and generally two or three times…

62

about 45 minutes before retrofire we turned the cabin fan on and let it run for about 30 minutes and it decreased the cabin temperature about 20 degrees. Got it down about 50 degrees and then turned it off prior to starting retrofire. Cabin pressure relief valve; never actually d…

63

yaw. Build up to any rate you wanted to. Over a period of time, one time we got up to about 12 degrees per second. You just sit there, and drift it will build you up more, and more and more. You can really hear it pop off back there. You can hear it "shhh". You see this tremendou…

64

the ... Secondary O2. Mine was open, Pete's was CLOSED the whole flight. That's the way they stayed, just like for the check list. Never saw one quiver in either one of them the whole mission. FCSD Rep Pressure stayed right? Cooper Pressure stayed right where it was on la…

65

up the fuel cell section and then went to normal configuration right on the line. Evaporator operation: for 45 minutes the ... Oh, this is not the suit. Yes, this is the water evaporator. 45 minutes after launch we got yaw deviations from the evaporator and after that they stoppe…

66

Yes, we took it. It worked fine. It dries out very rapidly; you have to refill it with water frequently, but that is no problem. The drink gun fills it very readily. It seems to be pretty accurate. Stowage, of course, is always a problem and we obtained readings at least once a d…

67

fine for two cartidges worth and then quit. FCSD Rep Was it two or four? Cooper I don't know, it was some low number. Maybe it was four. Anyway, it quit fairly early in the flight. The tape recorder was finished. DCS. Okay, until the last 30 minutes of the flight, the DCS…

68

Cooper That's a drastic move to make, but just that one experience was just enough to convince me that if you can't 100 per cent trust everybody and the system isn't going to work, then you just don't dare trust it at all. I wouldn't even think of not flying again with that…

69

damping those rates. But it sure was steady. We used almost 80 percent of the, yes, 80 percent of the fuel in Ring B from 65 to 30. Cooper 65 down. FCSD Rep On this voice tape recorder. Didn't you say it broke after you got 4 tapes. Conrad Yes, what happened was that…

70

I looked down in there and I marked the tape, you know with my pencil, and put it back in the tape recorder and turned it on and sure enough it wasn't running. The motor burned out in the tape recorder. Now, when I turned the tape recorder switch ON and OFF I could see a slight r…

71

teresting thing. The finger tip lights were the only darn lights we had in the spacecraft that we could move around, which is ridiculous. We kept holding a glove up once in a while looking at lights all night because we .... Cooper They sure were .... Conrad We had the…

72

Conrad There is plenty of time at night when you are flying. Now the worst thing at all was a guy sleeping. If you turn on your instrument panel lights it only lights your instrument and the thing is you are interested in most is that center panel with the cabin press and th…

73

Conrad I'm sure that's all for now. It never bothered us, of any odor. The normal type venting system worked fine. Cooper I covered that on the CO2 partial press .... Conrad Did you cover the coolant splashing all over the nose of the spacecraft just after adapter…

74

excellent on that. Conrad They were great. Even the UHF worked well. I mean HF. Cooper Voice tape recorder. Then we were on. I just covered that. It didn't work. Conrad Did you cover the ... the exact details on this DCS? How we didn't get the light. The only time…

75

all right. Conrad Yes, it was address 03 and address 10 and they verified okay and that seemed to convince everybody except me that the load was correct and my mistake, in retrospect, I should have made them transmit the load and either satisfied myself that the DCS light ha…

76

Conrad Big Brother. Cooper Yes sir. I do feel that way, I really do. Okay. Let's see, all this real time, delayed time, standby, that all worked fine, I thought. Cooper Yes, we had real little trouble. Conrad The coordination with the ground really in general…

77

Cooper Yes, I pulled my ear plug and put the ear plug right in the bottom of my ear where it was barely hanging there and I could hear anybody calling then. Then I put the plug back in. I thought the quality of the communications was really, as far as we were concerned, in t…

78

Cooper You could dump OUZD or something. Conrad Yes, I .... Cooper But the neoprene things are hard to see through, you could actually push them up to the control knob to read what you got on there. Conrad Let's face it Gordo, once we got those controls set, w…

79

couldn't see, we didn't have too much problem with that, but they wanted it back to reentry and I presumed that they will get the right data out of that UHF test to know what's wrong with the adapter antennas, if anything's wrong with it. But we stayed in reentry configuration mo…

80

8.6 Electrical Cooper Electrical system monitoring. Conrad Well, I can't say enough for the fuel cells, they really performed they -- Cooper They sure did, boy those little rascals really work. Conrad The purging, I recommend that we change those purge switche…

81

Conrad So I recommend they make the purging switches. Well, I recommend that they either come up with a gimmick that you can insert on the switches when it is time to purge so that you can flip them on and time it and then flip them off, or they make the switches three posit…

82

Well, that there again. The cryos were really the only problem we had with electrical. The main batteries ... the times that Pete touched them they were just exactly like advertised. Conrad Yes, they were 22 1/2 volts every time we tested them. Cooper No problem at all.…

83

Cooper It couldn't have worked better. It really did. Conrad The IGS Guidance was indicating everything that we did. We knew that we were going to loft a little bit and boy, it showed that we should pitch down at second stage and RGS did pitch us down, and when it pitch…

84

we didn't need one, the directions should be applied at 3,042 seconds and the nominal value is 3,008 seconds and I just don't think you can ask for better computations than that. Cooper Okay. I think that everything that we did on it worked out quite well. Conrad Catch-…

85

awhile and it finally ran itself out and stopped. But it looked like the accelerometer bias took off or did something that just made IVI's run. I don't really understand what happened but I wanted to note that an anomaly. I felt that the thing was running right and that this migh…

86 -CONFIDENTIAL Conrad 10 left and 181 down, 269 010 181. Cooper Yes. Conrad And as soon as those retro's fired the light came on green and it went right into reentry guidance ... reentry guidance .... Cooper Reentry guidance was right on the money when it came on, it came…

CONFIDENTIAL 87 Conrad Now, there was one thing there, I don't know if it was the radar or the computer. But, the first time we flew over the Cape and locked up on the back up REP on the ground, it read out the digital millage to a gnat's eyebrow. It locked up at 248.66 miles an…

88 -CONFIDENTIAL never got it to read through the computer now I .... Cooper Yes, but my analog read-outs read. Conrad Yes, but wait a minute, your analog readouts only go to 300,000 feet and that's 50 miles and we were never within 50 miles of it, so .... Cooper Yes, but the…

CONFIDENTIAL 89 digital read-out was a computer problem in the catch-up and rendezvous mode of accepting radar data or whether it was radar problem, but I'll mention under the computer because I sort of suspect it was a computer problem. Cooper But I don't understand why it wor…

90 CONFIDENTIAL 8.8 Crew Station Cooper Okay, controls and displays, sequence telelights. The only comment I have on sequence telelights is that the comp light on the computer is too bright. Conrad That's right. Cooper We are going to have to have some way of limming that or…

CONFIDENTIAL 91 Conrad Learn something new everyday. Cooper I didn't think about that. Conrad I'll bet baby it is. Cooper Well, that's something somebody ought to check out. This is just a comment. Conrad But we never did have any reason to dim it in the simulator. You never…

92 CONFIDENTIAL Conrad And the analog range was in close agreement with the digital range when the REP was going away from us. Cooper Yep. The GLV fuel and oxidizer pressure gauges worked excellent except for the IPS. Stage two IPS fuel gauge failed to the full max deflection…

CONFIDENTIAL 93 Cooper Rate of descent -- you know, I even forgot to look at the rate of descent. Conrad Well, we didn't even worry about it. When the chute Cooper When the main chute opened as good as it did -- Conrad -- out there, that we both watched the main chute and I s…

94 -CONFIDENTIAL Cooper Anytime you move around in there. Conrad You get in the habit of real fast checking that. Cooper I would strongly recommend to anybody in any crew that anytime they do any moving around or turning around in the cockpit that they run a circuit breaker c…

CONFIDENTIAL 95 Conrad Suits. Cooper The first thing that happened -- Pete's suit had to be repaired. Cooper Swizzle stick -- I used the swizzle stick for quite awhile to punch off the DCS light when Pete was asleep, but, finally, it got to where it was just easier to reach ov…

96 -CONFIDENTIAL 350 feet away from the booster. You can see ground level, and we were going to use that procedure if we aborted. We didn't know if we were going to make a land or a water landing, but we felt that we could use the mirror to see if we were over water or over lan…

CONFIDENTIAL 97 Cooper Okay, radar. Warm up time -- we don't have any comment on that? Conrad No. That was straightforward. Cooper Acquisition range -- Conrad It acquired in excess of 250 miles and read at 250 miles. Cooper That's that. Acquisition attitude -- well, at one t…

98 CONFIDENTIAL Conrad We turned around and we waited until 1 minute was over, and banged on the radar and it didn't take this 23 seconds or anything. It just bammed. It just locked up on us right there. Cooper Locked up instantaneously. Conrad There it was. No doubt in your…

-CONFIDENTIAL 99 where it will burn -- Conrad Yes, you could smell paint. Cooper It burns the paint in the spacecraft. Conrad You can smell paint cooking. That's the first thing that we noticed, the first day. I'll tell you what heats up. It's the reostat. Well, the thunderst…

100 -CONFIDENTIAL Conrad I had already busted my auxiliary light and if I would have burned out the light on the right instrument panel, we would have had to run that center light a lot, and I don't think that center light would have lasted either. Cooper No. I think that whol…

-CONFIDENTIAL 101 there with any light on in the cockpit. In order to use the reticle, you have almost got to dim out all the lights in the cockpit, and this is pretty hard to do because you need to use some around. Conrad And, you know, they had a light down on the center pede…

102 -CONFIDENTIAL Pete's M-1 experiment right on top of the water tank where the water level bubble and the measuring gauge is. It's built right on over it, so you can't see it. Conrad We used every combination of lights in there that you could think of, depending on what we w…

-CONFIDENTIAL 103 we ran the left side only, we ran the right side only; we ran them in any combination you could think of, just dependent on what you wanted to do with them. Sometimes you needed lights in the daytime, sometimes you didn't need lights in the daytime. It depends…

104 CONFIDENTIAL to figure out what the heck it was shining out there on the nose. It finally came to me in a flash that the docking light was on. Now that is another thing-- I don't know how they covered that REP with the reflective tape, but, man, that thing was bright! Coop…

-CONFIDENTIAL 105 flashing light, but there were times when we saw it close enough in the dayside that we could see the flashing light. it didn't get that far away from us, and thats why I still challenge this 375 miles-- Cooper You aren't going to see that dipole as long as we…

106 -CONFIDENTIAL thing. You are completely blinded because when you have gotten used to the outside--sunlit earth--and you come back in the cockpit, it takes a few seconds to adapt to seeing things inside. Cooper Intensity controls--I think they were fine. I thought they work…

-CONFIDENTIAL 107 reworked them. I know we drove those guys nuts down there, but I'll tell you, there are darn few things I'd change on these set of cards right now, after having flown the flight. They really helped us. And the experiments book helped us and the log book worked…

108 -CONFIDENTIAL at schematics when we were up there. Don't think we didn't with the troubles we had. We used everything in that reentry book. There is only one book that we didn't take out of its holder and that was the REP and that is because we gave up the REP, or we would…

-CONFIDENTIAL 109 D-6 map that Harry Kozuma had in there. Conrad Yes, we used this one, too. Cooper Yes, this big map that he had in here was really a good one. Conrad Yes, that helped you even better find out where you were. Cooper Man that's a good map. For instance, over…

110 CONFIDENTIAL really impressed me. Cooper Here is where we did all the photographing. Conrad Yes, that's right. Here is where we photographed Australia one day. (Much Laughter) Cooper We were photographing the hell out of Australia coming right down across here. Then we…

-CONFIDENTIAL 111 Conrad Okay, maps and overlays--they were really good. D-6 books and the data books were good and we used the star charts-- Cooper The only maps I thought weren't worth a darn were the Apollo landmark maps. Conrad Yes, well you'll get to debrief on that throu…

112 CONFIDENTIAL really good, and I think anybody that wants to get lined up for a night retro, if they do it once and aren't convinced that star charts were pretty useful they're -- Conrad Well, it gave us a great deal of confidence to go into the star chart the last day and…

-CONFIDENTIAL 113 I finally took them and gouged them down in along side the seat. I took my scissors and crammed them down in there, and that is where they stayed the whole flight. Conrad Yes, I'm not convinced they are necessary. Cooper That knee restraint belt was put in th…

114 CONFIDENTIAL honestly know what you are going to do better because of the ejection situation, but they are in the way. They are in the way of everything you do, and they are real little bearcats to get on and off--these little lifevests. Conrad We didn't have a place to st…

CONFIDENTIAL 115 area. FCSD REP How about urine? Cooper The urine system worked just great. Conrad Except for one problem. It leaked on occasion, and I really attribute that to the fact that this rubber device gets covered with tars. I covered this pretty thoroughly with the…

116 around the side. That is what it amounts to. Cooper Yes. Conrad We never had any trouble with them when we put on a new one. The new one would last about a day before it would start getting gummy. We tried everything to keep them clean. Cooper It would get gummy. Conrad…

117 Cooper Two other things we have is that you leave preheat on for 4 minutes prior to flushing. We got one tremendous big glob of urine ice that broke off sometime about the fifth day. Conrad Oh, yes. Cooper And, man, that indicated that it really built up. It must have been…

118 to gum up the little valve too. Cooper The little relief check valve. Conrad We'd built up a pressure in there when you would start to urinate in that thing. We would open it up and dump for 30 seconds after we went through regular dump cycle and evacuated the bag. We woul…

119 you give the pilot more option in what he eats rather than try to give him meal A, B, C, D, E, F, G is going to alleviate their problem as well as the pilots a great deal. It'll make it easier and take a lot less transmitting. They were thoroughly confused by this numbering…

120 It is sure different than Mercury. The food just boils down to the fact that we quit eating the bite size food entirely. We had absolutely no desire for it after the third day. I doubt whether we touched a drop of that bite size food after the third day. We ate strictly the…

121 food bags and juice bags. And then I'd have another bag just full of these wet wipes. If somebody wanted a wet wipe they could go in and get a wet wipe. They wouldn't have to be handed back and forth, back and forth. They wouldn't be hanging all over the cockpit. And that wa…

122 twice the size it was when it came out. I don't believe there is anyway to get around it the way the food is packaged. Conrad What are you going to do? Jim and Ed ate everything in the spacecraft. You and I hardly ate anything. If we had known that we were going to eat what…

123 Cooper Well, I'll tell you, a couple of days we ate a lot more. That third day we had a real full day. We were really busy. Man, we really had the appetite. We really gobbled down the food and we ate good. Those days we were just drifting were-- Conrad That makes sense to m…

124 entirely. I imagine that would be an easy way to package the food. But the rehydratable ones were really good. There is just no getting around it. They are good food. The are nourishing and... Conrad Boy, I don't know what to say about the sleep periods. Cooper The juices…

125 FCSD Rep Why don't we finish this sleep period? And we will be through with systems and pick up those questions. Conrad Start the experiments. Okay. Cooper Okay, sleep period. I think the schedule needs to be set somewhere around the normal sleep cycle that a person has al…

126 doing experiments or working, or if one in the spacecraft, or doing all this other stuff, the other one is just not going to sleep. This is pure and simple as that. FCSD Rep How about mentioning about how quiet it is. Cooper The inside of the spacecraft is just as quiet as…

127 Cooper And it was so quiet that you could hear a guy when he picked the book up and started turning the page. Conrad Yeah, I could hear in back in the adapter section after really getting adapted to this thing, we could hear the hydrogen vent, we could hear the fuel cell hy…

128 was, it was so blasted quiet in there that when something did click or snap or that was not cyclic in nature that you got used to it woke you up just like that. And as Gordo says, turning the pages in a book, or he'd reach over and pull something off the Velcro, just a littl…

129 way in flight, and we did; we both went to sleep at the same time. And I'm sure if we would start losing pressurization our ears would have told us that we were as sensitive to that as we were to noise. Cooper This schedule we have covered that, I think it should be in. Bec…

130 night that I did. There was one night that Gordo slept maybe 6 or 7 hours and I let him sleep that whole time because we were just exhausted. And that was the same reciprocal thing -- he let me sleep for 6 or 7 hours. That was the only time in the flight that we both really…

131 thing right now that we haven't mentioned before, I believe the Polaroid window filters we took were the greatest things we had along. Conrad Especially when we got on that drift in flight. Cooper I'd really recommend those very strongly. We put both of those up dim then d…

132 9.0 OPERATIONAL CHECKS 9.1 Apollo Landmark Identification FCSD Rep On these - let's try to get everything in that log on these --it's going to take a little more time? I think -- Conrad Well, you want to take each Apollo landmark separately? Is that what you want to do?…

133 half of them. Most of them occurred during my sleep time. Cooper Okay, the next one was Sequence 212. And that is on Lake Winemarka and it was a point out in the lakes in Brazil--down in the Brazilian area, and it's a large lake. There are no other lakes in the immediate ar…

134 it was magazine 4, exposure 10, exposure 11. 213 was Lake DePoopo in South America and here again the lake was fairly distinctive although this was a shallow water lake - the other lake was in the mountains in a fairly deep water - crater-type lake, whereas this Lake DePoopo…

135 conditions were again fairly late-in-the-afternoon type light conditions, but they were good enough. I don't think this lake was nearly as distinctive however, as the Lago de Winemarga. I don't think you can trust these shallow water lakes as being that definitive in that th…

136 on the La Palma Island, and very distinctive; however, one can get confused if there is any little bit of cloud cover at the islands you're looking at. There are approximately five or six islands out in this group and with some of the scattered cloud conditions, you can get…

137 other. In fact, the one that is the most distinctive from quite a distance out is Cape Sim near Osaweira. It is a lot brighter, lighter colored sand and is more distinctive than Cape Rhir. However, once you learn the place, Cape Rhir becomes a little more distinctive when yo…

138 I agree, incidentally on all the Apollo landmarks landmarks we've got here. I'm not sure I agree, in general, with any of the Apollo landmarks that they have. I think there are lots more distinctive landmark features around the country. I think that their idea of selecting a…

139 Cooper Okay, let's see, going down on the 9.0 Operational Checks - Acquisition.. FCSD Rep That's Apollo Landmarks. Cooper All right, the--I think to find these landmarks, things of this type, one thing that I feel pretty strongly that you really need is a platform. You nee…

140 there the point is, right there. You just don't miss it. Updating, of course, you've got to keep these times updated as you--depending on your ephemeris, and how you are sliding around on your original time. Ours, fortunately, was just right on the money practically the whol…

141 the addition of humidity in the air. If you have high humidity and then low sun angles, you are out of luck. If it is a very dry humidity, the low sun angles don't hurt you nearly so much. The sightings --there again the ease of which you are going to get your sightings done…

142 already gone through all the sequences and everything by then. Cooper Okay, let's see. Designated targets-- FCSD Rep I think you have covered that pretty much. Cooper Yes, all the targets. FCSD Rep The targets that they have designated versus what.. Cooper Yes. Okay, we…

143 the point they had might have proved to be better. Maps--Boy, we ran the gamut on them, but in general, the Apollo maps we got were just stinking. They were lousy and they didn't give you any lead-ins to where you were trying to find these things, and if it hadn't been for…

144 picture. I think the prime example we had of any difficulty in map location was not on the Apollo maps themselves, but it is exactly the same kind of thing. What was that one that had the little island? Conrad Lake Depoopo. Cooper No, no. It had one tiny little island righ…

145 that it was the one. It was just by accident that we got the right one. FCSD Rep Okay. Detail--which of these do you think would be best? I think you covered some of this. Cooper Well, I think that coastline is the best, distinctive features on a coastline. Next best are r…

146 FCSD Rep Anything at night? Cooper Coastline. On a clear night, boy, the best thing that will show up is coastline. The greatest light contrast is between your water and land. FCSD Rep Okay, I think that's enough on that. 9.2 Cabin Lighting Survey Cooper I'll let Pete co…

147 made one at 05+04+30+00. I made another one at 03+01+45+00, and we had another one at 04+22+40+00. Out of those, two of them were in drifting flight, and the other two were heads-up. And I had this recording that 11.6 was equal to black sky and 16.8 was normally representati…

148 14° left. We did an 02+15+21+19, sequence 02, and the angles were 0°, roll left 132°, 0°, and they were done as advertized. FCSD Rep How about any updating on that? Conrad No, they just sent it up and said to do it, and these were the angles they wanted. They set this up f…

149 rest of it. We never got more than a mile from him, so we got that 30-00 foot transient but we never got the 30,000. What was the transient at 30-00 feet like? Do you remember, Gordo? On radar when the REP went farther than 30-00 feet, I don't think there was any transient t…

150 some 160 miles. I read the numbers out over the air. I'm not sure that they aren't on tape, too. The tape hadn't run out then. Then we tracked back out again and it pointed right to this MILA area here at the Cape when we had the needles centered. Gordo was tracking on the n…

151 Cooper ...HF when they were playing music. It dropped out when we heard it, and we'd transmit once in a while to them and they heard us. It worked real well.

152 10.0 VISUAL SIGHTINGS 10.1 Powered Flight Conrad Well, everything was straightforward up until Fairing Jet. We told you about the problems we had at Fairing Jet. We want to take a look at that. Cooper I didn't see anything-- Conrad I did see the horizon come into view at…

153 whipping along at 17,000 miles an hour or so and I looked out and here's that washer floating right in front of my window. It sat out there and floated around a while. I pointed it out to Pete and he got over and looked at it and it floated on around and finally it just was…

154 Conrad We never saw any of the scheduled ones but you've got to have the platform to see them. They gave us angles like pitch 82° and yaw 45. You're looking at the black sky. You haven't any idea of where you're looking. You have to have the platform. One thing that we did f…

155 rivers, lakes, oceans-- Conrad I think all of that will come out in the experiments too. We saw all kinds - Cooper Towns, airports, railroads, roads, and all that stuff. Conrad Airplanes. Cooper Airplanes. Conrad Anything you say, we saw at least one each. Cooper I fin…

156 Conrad One day we went past El Paso and the lighting conditions were just right. You really could see the individual streets in El Paso. You could distinguish the streets but this wasn't always true. The lighting conditions had to be right. One day we made a pass over the Un…

157 it was the clearest picture of the Cape. Cooper Boy, that was beautiful. You could see every detail. You could see every causeway and every street, everything that rode around the Cape, and buildings all over the Cape. Conrad All that was on the same day but it was another…

158 polarization. I just can't find any linear definition of it. When the sun is setting you can get some linear polarity in a vertical plane, but otherwise I just can't see anything different one way than the other. I took the filter out and rotated it a number of times. I took…

159 in Australia was a good example. Two different days it was completely clobbered in where you couldn't see anything on the ground in that immediate area. This point Rhir was clobbered in one day. We were going to get an Apollo landmark on it and it was just back in under the…

159 A Cooper Cloud Coverage. We had varied cloud coverage throughout the flight. Conrad Boy, I think we saw every phenomenon you could think of with the clouds. Cooper Just about everything you could think of. We saw typhoons, and hurricanes, and-- Conrad We saw well defined…

159 B in Arabia and Africa. Conrad Yes. You could see those desert storms real clearly. Cooper The wind picking up and moving the sand along. Other days we saw the same areas just as clear with no wind. Beautiful weather. Conrad It was interesting in those deserts to notice t…

159 C you really could see the lower altitude prevailing winds in the cirrus clouds or the lower altitude stratus type cloud you all around and you really could see the wind pattern and one thing that really impressed me, was the--on cloud formations low altitude cloud formation…

159 D from getting? Cooper Oh, well, a great many. Some areas--well, just in general let's just say that some areas of the country would be completely clobbered in and we'd be traveling over an undercast for great long expanses of hundreds and hundreds of miles, and anything th…

159 E in Australia was a good example. Two different days it was completely clobbered in where you couldn't see anything on the ground in that immediate area. This point Rhir was clobbered in one day. We were going to get an Apollo landmark on it and it was just back in under th…

160 Cooper The carrier was the one thing that it really bothered us on. Two different days on the carrier shots doggone it you could see one day--for instance we saw the carrier wake and-- Conrad But the sunlighting was such-- Cooper The sunlighting and the-- Conrad You lose…

161 ill-defined, odd area-- Conrad Yeah, looking down the sun. Cooper Where you have no defined horizon at all. It's very--a real messy situation. The only thing I noted different about the horizons this time was at one morning, at one sunrise, when we saw those tremendous thu…

162 Conrad Yes, the lightning was bright enough to light the shingles on the spacecraft. Cooper You--the whole spacecraft could be lit. You would, even through the polaroid windows--with the polaroid windows down full dark, some of these big thunderstorms were lighting the whol…

163 this big black cloud right down to the ground. Very clear. Another thing that was different that I noted that was a little different than the usual type of the whole big mass of clouds lighting up-- one long series of thunderstorms, I noticed where there was horizontal kind…

164 thrusters, we were also firing attitude thrusters and the attitude thrusters you could see all of them. Cooper I don't know whether you see the glow off the aft firing thruster or not. Cooper You certainly can feel them firing. You can hear them fire. Conrad It's not anno…

165 Conrad There's no doubt in your mind that they are firing. Cooper Yes. I think it's almost more a matter of-- FCSD Rep Did you fire them before you separated? Cooper We fired them just as we separated. We hit SEP-- the spacecraft just as we-- Conrad Gordo counted them do…

166 the glow as they fire. Conrad And it is pure white. Cooper And-- Conrad My recollection of it--like white light glowing. Cooper Of the RCS Plumes? Conrad No, of the OAMS. Cooper Oh yes. The OAMS. The RCS had a little bit of a golden color to them. Conrad Yes. Cooper…

167 Conrad Like a nice candle flame. Cooper It just goes up in just a contained column almost-- in fact the column appeared to me to be no bigger around than that saucer. Conrad That's right, if it was that round. Cooper Some 4 to 5 inches maybe, in diameter at the most and j…

168 saw one fire was one of these 4th of July fire-cracker stand-up type bombs that you light the fuse, you know, and the thing sort of like the Roman candle--it sort of spits out flame and a few sparks you know and then-- Cooper Yes, that's right. Conrad That really did it. A…

169 in PULSE. Cooper That's right. We actually only had it in PULSE. Conrad And really what it is--as a matter of fact, firing in PULSE and everything--you could always keep the horizon in sight. Cooper You could keep the horizon in sight and we had the red lights on, and onl…

170 used all the translation thrusters only one little splurt of it on the forward, in other words the forward firing thruster-the SMALL forward firing thruster, but they were all very, very positive and you got very definite distinct action out of them. And you really got a fee…

171 to have a good feel for whether he has two aft fire thrusters or one because boy, with those aft firing thruster are firing you're just like you're flying an airplane and you put the throttle to it. You really feel it. Cooper You really feel it. Yes, it's really got acceler…

172 Conrad No. Cooper No, not a plume as such, but just it really lit up. You got a lot of lighting from it. Much more so than you did the--It was distinctive enough that it really made an impression on us. Cooper Let's see, the side firing was really--the thing that's surpris…

173 things where both Gus and John and Jim and Ed said, "Man, that thing really went out there with this horrendous bang," and I was really spring loaded. I was waiting for a 16 inch gun to go off in my ear, and, therefore, there was no doubt that it fired, and there was no doub…

174 of the adapter sep now. I think they're all three fairly realistic of the trainer. Conrad And now in adapter sep you get a little acceleration force with it, and you feel that. You really feel that-- Cooper Well, it shudders the whole thing as you come off-- as you separat…

175 fired, I had the feeling that we pitched up another 30 degrees and went streaming up that way you know, and then another one would fire, and I really thought we were going around a big circle. That was my physical sensations although the gages said we were right on the money…

176 Cooper Let's go through these now. Number 1 fired exactly on time. Boy, right on the money with TR. We were right on the money. Every clock we had in the spacecraft was just reading right O when it fired. No delay or anything anywhere. Just beautiful. Number 1 was still firi…

177 Conrad That was a period of time that I-- Cooper Before number 4-- Conrad I thought we weren't going to get number 4. FCSD Rep What would you estimate the time? Conrad Well, I'd say it would have been a full second. Cooper Boy, I think it was at least a full second. Co…

178 Cooper And the whole window area was completely obliterated by flames. When the retros go off you're just in a big barrel of flames--because the whole thing is just covered by flames. Conrad I wasn't even aware of that. I didn't even-- I'd have said that we didn't see any f…

179 minute to TR+45 seconds throught retro-jet. You know seeing that sequential system go and everything work just like it was supposed to, and the checkoff list go and everything Boy, we were really spring loaded on that. Cooper I know Pete had made some comment, "Well, things…

180 Cooper No. Conrad No. Cooper After we started reentering we-- Conrad During the reentry and it was way, way behind us, but I did see it--now, I say the retro pack-- it could have been the adapter burning up. I don't know which one it was, because it was so far behind. Co…

181 don't know what it was, whether it was smoke or what it wasn't flame--you could definitely see it trailing right along side our trail just like we were leaving a con. Cooper Yes, you could see our con--it was kind of a light color. I wouldn't say it was a flame color--it wa…

182 Conrad It really was. Cooper However, if you don't have full instrument panel, I'd recommend you forget it. Because if you don't have an 8 ball and rate gyros and a darn good rate damping--well, that's not true. If you've got an 8-ball and rate gyros, then you could fire th…

183 instruments--like I said I was watching the instruments and they were sitting right dead center. Gordo had that thing pitched down 30 degrees and we didn't hardly over 2 degrees off that darn retro attitude, and I was convinced we were doing a loop--even watching the gages.…

184 Cooper Well, I don't know. You could do it on the ball. I think if I had my choice between ball and rate needles I'd rather have the ball. Conrad Would you really? I'd rather have the rate needles, I think, because I could understand them even with this crazy sensation; whe…

185 Cooper Like doing it in the simulator. Conrad Until retros fired. Cooper When they fire, it's quite a sensation. Conrad But, we went clear to 400K--we went almost the 14 minutes before we had a horizon. We had the ground in sight previous to this Cooper Well, not much pr…

186 really pleased. I think our windows were really stayed relatively clean. We built up a slight coating on them, or something. Conrad I think everything we built up on them was on there at the beginning. Cooper But most of it was there to begin with. Our windows were so much…

187 you can see both stars passing under you and the earth passing under you. I can't figure how you get all these odd reflections in there. There's a period of time when everything just gets completely jumbled and it's a real dim gray area there you're going through just for a…

188 going through the terminator. Okay, retro-pack jettison, we covered. Reentry--our reentry was exactly like we had planned it. We flew single-ring pulse down to 400K. At 400K-- Conrad 400K came on the time that Houston gave us, the computer 400K guidance came in within a sec…

189 Conrad the updated blackout at 16 + 14 and end of blackout at 21 +20. He updated reverse bank as 19 + 25 for a bank left 54, a bank right 68, which was a change of 1 degree from 53 and 67. He gave us drogue at 22 + 05 and main at 23 +48. That was the latest updated quantity…

190 than I needed. I had to be very careful to just put a little teensy tweak in to damp the rates. Later on, as we got on down, maybe half way through the g pulse area, the rates began to increase in amplitude and in frequency. I still was able to handle them very adequately. N…

191 was just keeping it damped to zero. We weren't firing thrusters too overly often. You could see them fire now and then, but it wasn't a great task for them to fire at all. I really thought the whole reentry was quite stable and at no time did we have any real oscillations.…

192 Conrad That's right. You get an idea of how much fuel you use because Ring B was tested but never used until below 65,000 feet; we shot 80 percent of the fuel out of it on the drogue. So, it is no surprise to me that Ring A ran out of fuel. There is no doubt about it that Ri…

193 job of keeping it damped. We were steady as rock coming in there. Cooper Of course, this is the way to do it. Conrad They were firing all the way, and it doesn't surprise me at all that we used all that fuel out of Ring B. But Ring B, I know, wasn't put on until the drogue…

194 yourself a nice steady ride. We never saw anything that approached over 5 degrees oscillation. Cooper The nice thing about the control system is that it is a simple matter to switch back and forth between direct and rate command in the system that we had set up. If you are…

195 Conrad I don't think you have to worry about it, to tell you the truth. I really wasn't aware of any oscillations at all. Gordo says he was damping. For all I know we rode in there free. Cooper He speaks highly of my damping. Conrad The first time I really noticed anything…

196 Conrad You might put down that I was reading the checklist off, and I called standby for 70,000, which is our point to put the second ring on RCS rate command, and we were going to put Ring B on. I said stand by for 70,000, and away went the drogue. Cooper I reached down, u…

197 probably broken, and I began to look at them. They looked good. I decided, well, it wasn't really any problem, even if I had broken the lines. All I had to do was reach up and deploy the emergency main deploy if it departed, and we were still in good shape, so--no problem on…

198 rate. And past 27,000 feet that cabin indicator hit zero faster than you could say Jack Robinson. That thing came off the peg and I had to go back to the old procedure of-- Cooper Snorkel open up. Conrad Snorkel vent open, and recirc at 45 degrees. We didn't seal it up aga…

199 chute deployed we weren't even swinging or anything. Like Gordo said, boy, when that thing came out of the reefed condition, it was perfectly circular around the bottom. We looked at movies of these things and we've seen them collapsed on one side, billow out, and collapse,…

200 CONFIDENTIAL can goes on off. It looks just like it does in those sequential drawings. Main chute deploy-- we've already covered. We anticipated the landing attitude as being kind of a jar. It is kind of a whip action there, more than anything. As long as you are braced for i…

CONFIDENTIAL 201 receiving us. We were transmitting coming down on the chute, on the main chute. We made two steerage transmissions and counts, and AIR BOSS received these and acknowledged them and got the clears on them. After we were on the water, he apparently was not receivin…

202 CONFIDENTIAL and said, okay, let's go through and really see what we can power down here now. We had gone through to really see what we could power down here now. We had gone through a sort of second power- down checklist when he turned the squib batteries off-- Conrad Yes, y…

CONFIDENTIAL 203 reason like right here, suit fans 1 and 2--I made a mark out to the side, "faceplate CLOSED", so we would go back and pick them up later. You've got to do it that way. That's all there is to it. It sure did make it easy. Cooper Very briefly we would like to cover…

204 CONFIDENTIAL Conrad Even on as calm a day as that, boy, don't ever open those hatches unless it is a dire emergency until they've got that collar on there. Cooper I agree. Conrad I could see that thing going right straight to the bottom. Cooper I agree. Pete and I both were i…

CONFIDENTIAL 205 rate off, and both suit fans back on the line. We sat there and we were perspiring very lightly, but the spacecraft was cool; we had cooled it down prior to reentry as cold as it can go. It was 50 degrees cabin prior to retrofire and 50 degrees suit loop-- Conrad…

206 CONFIDENTIAL that little spacecraft could get mighty nauseous if you really had rough seas. Conrad We did have just a twinge of RCS fumes in there. We had sealed it off at 2,000 feet and it had only buil up to a pound by the time we got on the water, so that secondary O2 flow…

CONFIDENTIAL 207 Because once you hit the carrier, the medics aren't going to let you drink for about a 3-hour period while they run all their little diddies on you. They don't care how thirsty you are or how bad a situation it is. So, I would recommend that you just fill up with…

208 CONFIDENTIAL I climbed on out over onto the nose seccion. I felt no ill effects at all. I was kind of watch- ing for it, being careful about it so I didn't fall in the water right off. We wanted to keep our suits dry. I climbed out on the nose section, and they wheeled one of…

CONFIDENTIAL 209 once they got the collar on. A frogman and I CLOSED time left hatch. I hooked up the little gizzy on the way out so that we could close the hatch and get it started--the lock release. Cooper Incidentally, was that hard to close? The little lock release? Conrad No…

210 CONFIDENTIAL 11.0 EXPERIMENTS 11.1 Visual definition of celestial objects (D-1), nearby object photography (D-2), and terrestrial features(D-6) Conrad Okay. D-1, mode Ol. These are going to be real straightforward. D-1 mode Ol was done in con- junction with D-4 and it was don…

CONFIDENTIAL 211 mention right here again that when the reticle was exactly boresighted on some object, like the moon or a star, so was the Questar lens. It was right on the moon. CONFIDENTIAL

212 CONFIDENTIAL Cooper Reentry--Number 1--Adapter Separation. No doubt. We set the Magazine at 1/60th of a second--4 pictures We took 4 pictures of the moon on Magazine 10 at 1/120th. Conrad At that time period shortly, thereafter 16:30. In the meantime we were making and record…

CONFIDENTIAL 213 FCSD REP Why don't we wait? Conrad We did that portion of D-1 that was.... Then the next D-1 we did was Mode 2. This was done on Venus at 02 days 13 hours 00 minutes. We took 4 pictures of Venus at 1/30th of a second on magazine ll which was the 8443 IR Film. It…

214 CONFIDENTIAL experiment or how it was to be done. Cooper The only caution that we might throw in is right here-- Conrad Stick to sequential times. Cooper Right, stick to sequential time exactly so that you have running sequential time. You can keep track of all the great numb…

CONFIDENTIAL 215 would screw it in too tight so I would get one more picture off and then it would jam, and I would back it out a little bit. We finally got to where it worked pretty good. Cooper But this still is an equipment discrepancy that should be-- Conrad Yes, and equipmen…

216 CONFIDENTIAL this sloppiness. If these experiments are worth taking platform time and power to do. Conrad We've got to say here that there was so much diffi- culty in finding these things and getting organized that we made onboard decisions to drop this track- ing technique a…

CONFIDENTIAL 217 where to go and I took the pictures; and we used that consistently. Now that's a switch from what they wanted but I think it bought them some. It still proves that you can do the job. The telescope has too SMALL a field of view. I recommend if you want the man in…

218 CONFIDENTIAL Monterrey, Mexico. It was covered by clouds, so we took Tampico instead. We took two pictures. 02 days, 15 hours, 16 minutes, 59 seconds, they asked for 020 which was James Connally AFB at Waco, Texas. It was obscured by clouds so I think we got the Dallas Air Na…

CONFIDENTIAL 219 pretty well. At 04 days, 13 hours, 29 minutes I got Savannah Municipal even though they were asking for something else and that was covered and then I tried to get them a picture of this Blantyre Airdrome at 04 days, 13 hours, 58 minutes, 50 seconds and all I got…

220 CONFIDENTIAL with object 65 which was this SMALL island off Brazil and that was 04 days, 16 hours, 51 minutes, 25 seconds and we have four lovely pictures of the first island which is 120 miles above the correct island. We have four more pictures of the correct island. We fin…

CONFIDENTIAL 221 burned out again and then he was gone. We could have tracked him through second stage. If you are going to get him on IR you better get him coming off the pad because after that you can't follow them very well with the naked eye. We had two entirely different lig…

222 CONFIDENTIAL above ground or wherever it was, I saw them come off the ground just as plain as day. You really could see them. He really stood out the second time against the sand background. Cooper You extended your eyes on that. You didn't save them for the visibility target…

CONFIDENTIAL 223 Conrad All right we started out on D-4 on Ol day, 11 hours, 40 minutes, 15 seconds with Mode 410. Let me just read them and look them up for you. 410 was a star measurement. No camera was required. I have down here 410 and it was done so it must have been Deneb.…

224 CONFIDENTIAL done in conjunction with D-1. The first measure- ment on there was a REP, don't forget that. The first twenty minutes of tape is the REP. Now at Ol days, 14 hours, 53 minutes, 10 seconds we did a 405 and I have the notation "boresight okay." And that was where we…

CONFIDENTIAL 225 two minutes of record time. On 03 days, 16 hours, 37 minutes, 28 seconds we got our first missile, 423 Alpha. We have about a minute and 30 seconds of record time on that. 03 days, 22 hours, 48 minutes, 17 seconds we did 425A which was a Hawaii volcano measuremen…

226 CONFIDENTIAL It's on the recorder. At 06 days, 08 hours, 44 minutes, 40 seconds I did a 418 which was mountains. Those were desert mountains in East Africa. Again I got some record time. On the seventh day, 09 hundred hours, 00 minutes, 00 seconds 419 I got the Ascension cali…

CONFIDENTIAL 227 of turning and I missed Agena BUS ARM EXPERIMENTS and I missed jettisoning the door on the cold IR. That's my fault and I jettisoned the door on the cold IR at 02 hours, 16 minutes, 15 seconds after liftoff. I started taking the first REP measure- ments and unfor…

228 CONFIDENTIAL I did get the moon measurements. I did get one missile measurement. I did get one volcano measurement. I did not get the sun measurements. We were in drifting flight then and we never drifted into the sun. The equipment tape recorder should have had by my calcula…

CONFIDENTIAL 229 logged. We should be able to dig our way through them. Some of them were done on 35 mm film which was not requested by the man. It was done on the extra 35mm film that we carried with the 200mm lens so we may have some great shots. The relay of data was good. The…

230 CONFIDENTIAL pictures of Betsy and Doreen and we got a couple of typhoons, also. We got them all marked down. CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL 231 Conrad Let me just maybe give you a synopsis here of some idea of what we probably have down here on the log, and, just looking at the pages here -- started out pretty generally, lot of Baha California, few in Mexico, Island chains, sunrise, couple of shots down…

232 CONFIDENTIAL storm Doreen, West Coast, South America, Andes, Formosa, big Islands of Japan, Tibet mountains and clouds, Tibeten geology, Tibet village, China coast, North Coast of Australia, Australia, China, New Guinea, North Coast of Australia, Cairo, (got a lot of Cairo -…

CONFIDENTIAL 233 Japan, Japan weather, night pics, stars, Milky Way, thunderstorm and lightning, something village, China, something Shanghai, Marshall Islands, tropical storms, oil well fires in Africa, geology in India, Tibet, Solomon Islands, sequences across Arabia, New Guin…

234 CONFIDENTIAL vision tester and photometer and the first thing there on the photometer -- I got the first day measurement with the photometer which required a 30 degree sun angle and this was really -- had been given a loca- tion to put the sun on the -- Gordo's side of the i…

CONFIDENTIAL 235 have been looking out the window -- Conrad Yeah, I think you hit the nail right on the head with that one -- Cooper Because once you have been looking out the window for a while, if you come back in and do anything for a while until your eyes kind of got settl…

236 CONFIDENTIAL is that it was put in here politically, that it was ill planned, ill defined, and is a worthless experi- ment. I hope someday somebody will have the courtesy to check some of these things out more thoroughly. Ground observations -- we can't even say about the Au…

CONFIDENTIAL 237 in rolling flight because of the tracking involved and the couple of times we saw the marks, you'd be messed up trying to decide whether it was the 1, 2, 3, or 4, just from orientation. Cooper Well, here again, we were trying to salvage a little bit out of drif…

238 CONFIDENTIAL here again, I say I realize why we were trying to salvage what we could out of a bad situation but it didn't really do justice to the experiment. We never really once really gave the experiment as far as the ground observation, a really fair chance. And the one…

CONFIDENTIAL 239 besides the smoke there was nothing else to -- in a contrast nature -- to attract us to the target area -- Cooper That's right. Conrad And that -- the problem was acquiring it -- we were always in the process of acquiring but by the time we acquired it, we wer…

240 CONFIDENTIAL left out the one thing that really made -- just like being in the desert -- you are flying along out there over the desert and a very, very SMALL chink road stands out and the reason it does, is because it's got the right contrast ratio. You can put a 6 foot roa…

CONFIDENTIAL 241 have had a heck of a lot easier problem if the visual acuity targets had been located up in Yuma and not Laredo. Everytime we came over the West Coast, if I didn't see Yuma, why I was surprised because I think I acquired Yuma every time -- it's real easy to pick…

242 CONFIDENTIAL at 18:25:05 on the second day, Gordo saw the targets and I didn't. On the third day, 13:32:40 we saw the smoke -- no targets -- bad sun angle -- then the third day, 18 hours, 16 minutes, 14 seconds, we saw a 1 in the first row, and a 4 in the second -- 1 in on t…

CONFIDENTIAL 243 check and I didn't record the time that it was turned off, but I turned on again -- but I'm sure it's on the tape somewhere. So much for the MSC-1. 11.6 Zodiacal Light Photography (S-1) Conrad Why don't you give them the word on that. Cooper Equipment set up…

244 CONFIDENTIAL for regular exercise through the day--both of us used it. There was no noticeable changes in physiological condition. I think if anything, it is easier to use inflight than it is on the ground, under lg I mean. One thing I might recommend is that it have some li…

CONFIDENTIAL 245 off -- enough off that we could cut the cuffs off and throw them back in the trash box. The cardio- vascular conditioning bottle valve was very objection- able. It was extremely noisy. It woke both of us up everytime it actuated -- with a loud thud and hisses of…

246 CONFIDENTIAL 11.10 Cloud Top Spectrometer (S-7) Cooper Here again, there weren't any problems in the hardware in the flight that we didn't know about before flight. There were two occasions where the spectrograph's shutter was re- leased inadvertently either in stowage or u…

CONFIDENTIAL 247 down or they can correlate it real easy if I give you the ones that we got. So we had a -- and we always took two sets, one at an eighth and one at quarter, so we had a set at 1 day 20 hours 2 minutes and 30 seconds, and we actually would up with four pictures.…

248 CONFIDENTIAL calibration card--that was frame number 18. Conrad Then on the fourth day 16 hours 37 minutes 00 seconds, you had thunderstorms over someplace---is that right-- thunderstorms? Cooper Yes, the tip of Florida, up right off--- Conrad Yes, thunderstorms off the t…

CONFIDENTIAL 249 Cooper Clearly. We saw the air glow as usual, always around everywhere -- around the night. Conrad We did see streaks in the air glow that they talked to us about -- the dark streaks in it which Jim and Ed mentioned. They are really definitely there. Cooper Ri…

250 CONFIDENTIAL one large meteorite enter underneath us -- Conrad Observed quite a few underneath us-- Cooper There was very seldom a night went by that you couldn't watch just for a few minutes to see a micrometeorite or two of them enter. One meteorite came from a long way…

CONFIDENTIAL 251 were. Conrad Yes, we kept looking over the area of Gegenschein to see if we could see and I don't really think it was the Gegenschein, but-- Cooper There was one area right almost in the immediate area of the Gegenschein, but not quite. It was very near that a…

252 CONFIDENTIAL Everytime while setting, it seemed to have linear polarity, somewhat vertical, but I never could pin this down to anything well-defined. While the sun was up, well into the sky, I could rotate the filters and rotate them within themselves to any degree and could…

CONFIDENTIAL 253 begin to see in the Mercury flights. In fact, on the basis of the number of stars we've seen, our recommendations are that you crank up the planetar- ium at Moorehead and increase the brightness of it over the level at which we were studying it be- cause it was,…

254 CONFIDENTIAL in the middle of the States, like Dallas, Fort Worth, and Jacksonville. Cooper I tried some nighttime photographs with the 200 mm lens on high speed film with several different speed settings just to see if they would come out and what they would come out like-…

CONFIDENTIAL 255 12.0 PREMISSION PLANNING 12.1 Mission Plan (trajectory) Cooper On these longer flights you have to be prepared for more real-time mission planning, which we were. And we had planned on this perhaps being the CASE and we held all the flexibility that we could i…

256 CONFIDENTIAL be held to an absolute minimum. 12.4 Mission Rules Cooper I think that the mission rules were in general very healthy. I think the attitude of the FOD toward mission rules was very good. It was obvious that just as we have seen many times before, that FOD uses…

CONFIDENTIAL 257 nor is it fair to the operations people when ex- periments get cranked in past the experiments freeze dates. I feel that these freeze dates should be established early, agreed to by everybody concerned, and should be held very rigidly to. Unless a safety of flig…

258 CONFIDENTIAL do it. Although experiments worked out relatively well, we could have used a little more time on them. Conrad Concerning mission planning. I would avoid wiring experiments such as MSC-1. They clobber up very critical time phasing in the mission. For instance, a…

CONFIDENTIAL 259 time for a period of 6 hours, at least. Conrad I am firmly convinced the first three orbits should be devoted only to wringing the spacecraft out. There was a tremendous mistake made in the planning on our flight. We assumed that everything was going to run cor…

260 CONFIDENTIAL were forced into being put all the way back into the first orbit, and it was a mistake. The mission rules were good and I agree with the comments Gordo had on the experiments and the training activities. CONFIDENTIAL

261

CONFIDENTIAL 13.0 MISSION CONTROL 261 13.1 GO/NO GO Cooper GO/NO GO's--I think we're fine. I don't see anything wrong with the GO/NO GO's. 13.2 PL1 and CLA Updates Cooper I thought those went all right. Do you? Conrad Yes, we had a hip pocket place to go on every orbit. 13.3 Cons…

262

262 CONFIDENTIAL on the gage. Cooper Electrical--I don't think there was any problem on the electrical system. The problem was in the cryogenics rather than the electrical. I should say in the cryogenics and in the water product of the fuel cells. These were the limiting things r…

263

CONFIDENTIAL 263 the load. It shouldn't be any problem to fix a couple of things like that. There's no doubt about it, those fuel cells can go up and down, and up and down under load and they will hack the course. We sure gave them a beating. Especially that Number 2 fuel cell. C…

264

264 CONFIDENTIAL Conrad We didn't always agree with Mission Control. One example--I would have loved to argue with them about the heater circuit on the OAMS. I was against turning it off. Cooper On fuel cell--do you want to go back to OAMS. We've already gone by it. Conrad Yes, I…

265

CONFIDENTIAL 265 Cooper That was a very poor plan. Conrad That wasn't thought out very well. I think, in that particular CASE, we had all the time in the world to discuss that with the ground. We could have gone a couple of revs talking that one over and it wouldn't have made a h…

266

266 CONFIDENTIAL flight in the way the flight plan changes were made. This was unintentional, I'm sure. Conrad We had to blow the whistle on it. Cooper They did things like trying to keep one man busy all the time, just to keep him busy. It was obvious that was exactly what was b…

267

CONFIDENTIAL 267 they did a fine job. I think they made a good effort to salvage all we could ou of a poor situation.. I think they really did a fine job. As a result of what we found, and we didn't know before we got into the real time situation; we discovered that the people co…

268

268 CONFIDENTIAL 13.6 Experiment Real Time Updates Cooper I think these worked out pretty well. We mentioned about needing a platform before and abcut needing attitude control. And our OAMS system got worse and worse where we had no attitude control to speak and weren't allowed t…

269

CONFIDENTIAL 269 out of it again. I'd leave the darn IR gear running for a while and we would never get near anything we could look at. Cooper We never did get that end of the sun picture and yet the sun was in our eyes every time you would turn around. When they would give us so…

270

270 CONFIDENTIAL 14.0 TRAINING 14.1 Gemini Simulator Procedures Cooper The procedures that we went through in it and our training was pretty accurate. I think that we used the right procedures in the development of our checklist. In going through the procedures we should have had…

271

CONFIDENTIAL 271 wasted time down here trying to crank up some of these launch failures that take quite a while to reset on the GMS. We should have gone through them on the DCPS and let them go at that. It was a waste of valuable time during the last few days. Many precious hours…

272

272 CONFIDENTIAL learn things that really helped. Cooper We were short on nominal time. Conrad I can't say enough for the way Deke scheduled the things when he asked for two weeks. He was right on the button. We could have used a couple more days. Cooper Yes. Conrad A little more…

273

CONFIDENTIAL 273 us a whole day and a half in flight to realized that these experiments were going to run so successively close to one another. The one thing that we were not prepared for on the ground and had to learn in the air was how to organize a series of different experime…

274

274 CONFIDENTIAL revs 15 and 16. It might have been a good idea if we had listened to it in that we might have picked up the fact that the sequential running required just a little bit different operation. Again, I'm not sure that you can practice this on the ground, because at t…

275

CONFIDENTIAL 275 Cooper Yes, that's right. Okay, rendezvous is not applicable. If there was one area that we were pretty well trained on, that was retrofire. Conrad Yes. Cooper I think we were in good shape for retrofire. We had our checklist for a long time for pre-retrofire and…

276

276 CONFIDENTIAL almost in the McDonnell simulator when we got the REP out? Just exactly. That training that we did up there with the visual presentation was invaluable. Conrad A lot of people don't realize how time critical that whole REP maneuver was. We didn't realize it even…

277

CONFIDENTIAL 277 I'll tell you I wouldn't have given you a nickels chance if we didn't have up systems. We would have had to fallen back on one of those backup jobber doos. That would have been pure luck. But I wouldn't have made a mistake reading it. You are just reading the che…

278

278 CONFIDENTIAL Conrad Let me just add one thing. My recommendation is that you are going to have to be extremely careful with the mission planning people because I saw what happened to us. Every flight is going to have a different rendezvous. Somebody is going to want to start…

279

CONFIDENTIAL 279 It is a great deal of difference. Conrad Yes, it was a pretty tight system. This is probably a function of each individual system because I remember Jim mentioning the fact that it was so much sloppier in Rate Command RCS and there is a differ- ence in the tolera…

280

280 CONFIDENTIAL similar control torques on the GMS to see what kind of off-sets it would take before control problems are encountered. I don't believe that you would actually set one of the rockets off enough to bother you. Possibly, you could since it is not a straightline func…

281

CONFIDENTIAL 281 in the ball park with the previous spacecraft. Cooper It had to be traveling right because as long as you keep your rates zeroed it is going to trim to its proper trim point. I agree with you completely. It seemed to me as though we trimmed a lot nose higher much…

282

282 CONFIDENTIAL see what the actual time difference was. Maybe it was just us. Conrad They can ring that out real easy. We can improve the reentry on the simulator a little bit, it's different in this respect. Cooper Okay, Crew Station. I have the same comment that I made after…

283

CONFIDENTIAL 283 Cooper I think the simulator people down here did a great job getting the simulator up to our spacecraft configuration. Conrad Yes. Cooper When we came down here it was pretty close to our flight configuration. Conrad Yes. Cooper Stowage wise, they had it in pret…

284

284 CONFIDENTIAL 14.2 LTV and DCPS Cooper I can't really say how accurate they were because we had a nominal mission. I think that they were good training. I think a certain amount of that is very good, very essential. I think there again we have to be very careful not to over em…

285

CONFIDENTIAL 285 from now - having seen an alined platform. I really was quite surprised at what 0-0-0 looked like. It wasn't anything like what I imagined it was going to look like. I think we were both surprised when we got up there and got the platform alined and really looked…

286

286 CONFIDENTIAL 14.4 Centrifuge Conrad We didn't miss the centrifuge at all. The fact that we didn't go, I didn't feel that I was left out of anything. Cooper No, I don't think we missed a thing with the centri- fuge. Conrad I think you should ride it, you know, a time or two or…

287

CONFIDENTIAL 287 the nadir, but I think it was helpful and I think flight proved the same thing that we concluded in this, that it was a very simple task, once you had acquired something. .....the track. Cooper Once you had acquired something, yes. Conrad The one thing that I, to…

288

288 CONFIDENTIAL so all of a sudden this target which has been going this way and getting a little bit smaller all of a sudden the whole world will start to roll on you too as you are going away. I had the feeling that I was falling over a cliff every time we got back to the end…

289

CONFIDENTIAL 289 Conrad And with the gun site superimposed, excuse me, reticle superimposed on it. Put it right there to orient it with the Southern Cross and Grus and Fomalhaut we would have never gotten that experiment done, without having gone through that really that half a d…

290 and even with a star chart sitting in front of you it wouldn't help you with spacecraft orientation. I take it that what you are saying. Do I know what I am in roll, pitch and yaw to the horizon, or something like that. I don't think so, because most of that stuff is moving…

291 pointing but that wouldn't tell me whether I was upside down or right side up or anything, but I don't know the stars that well. Cooper With the accurate star chart updated and then finding the stars on there, then you could use them for spacecraft orientation. Conrad I'm…

292 Conrad Oh yes. Cooper Spacecraft orientation. I agree, you need a little help on that. It would be a help to find a horizon, but you could get pitch and yaw on it and then maybe use the stars as a yaw orientation. 14.7 Systems Briefing Conrad Well, boy I can't say enough…

293 additional, maybe shorter, brush-ups on it. I think the people who have done, the McDonnell people and some of our own people and some of the McDonnell people and up at McDonnell is the way to do it. I think, I want the people to really know the systems, to use the systems b…

294 went so far as working out the REP that the D-2 camera wanted to pull it out at real time but we never put it in the window. We rigged a 16 mm. Yes, we did use the GMS for all the things that were concerned with the REP which had to do with many stowed items, experiment item…

295 the horizontal SEDR was - around the spacecraft - was really the only flight experiments thing that we did on it up there. Let's see, flight experiments. Briefings. Well, I think some of the experiments, some were better than others. Some were lousy and generally the ones th…

296 parallel testing. I don't feel that the crew really gets an awful lot out of, out of the spacecraft systems tests anymore because there are so many tests going on at the same time that you can't really keep a handle on what's going on and really get much of a feel for what's…

297 Conrad Boy, I do too. Cooper I think that was a good exercise-- Conrad It was well organized-- Cooper I thought it was well organized and well run and just very well done and I felt like it gave us a great confidence in the water situation. Conrad I felt real good when w…

298 unhazardous occupation... 14.12 Launch Simulation Cooper Launch simulation. I thought they were very worthwhile and I think launch sims that we have with the whole, with MCC tied in, are extremely worthwhile. 14.13 Network Simulation Cooper I think net sims are worthwhil…

299 hear over the net...the reentry sims are more important...because it's a more coordinated effort between you and the ground, and I'm convinced that for any rendezvous situations that some net sims have to be--be run... 14.16 Zero "G" Flights Cooper Yes, well, okay, zero g…

300 EVA again, yes,-- Cooper Yes, I think this zero g airplane plane is well worthwhile for a specific mission, especially mission training. But so far, as just in general... I don't believe it's particularly worthwhile. Well, it is worthwhile like Pete said, that if a man hasn…

301 Conrad What do you mean by operational check, you were talking about system checks; in flight? FCSD Rep Yes, flight plan training... Operation checks. Conrad Thruster illumination. Well, I don't have much feel for that one way or another other than what I said earlier this…

302 15.0 CONCLUDING REMARKS 15.1 Crew Quarters Cooper One comment on the crew area here. I think that the crew area here is a real good place to stay and that the kitchen facility we have set up is very worthwhile, when a real tight schedule is almost a necessity. However, the…

303 trying to sleep during the day and run any kind of night tests. So far as the people that we had with us that run the place -- I think the place is very adequately run. I think one person here who certainly deserves bouquets is the maid, Joyce, who just can't do enough for k…

304 local. Conrad I flew local once the whole time I was down here. Cooper Yes, I don't think I flew local at all. Conrad No, that's right. Cooper And I think, here again, we were caught in the middle of a bad scheduling situation, which higher level would not allow us to do…

305 Cooper My clock you talking about? FCSD Rep It was the one-- Cooper My own personal Acutron I never reset and it was some 15 seconds off at the end of the flight for the whole 8-day period. The Acutron on the panel, the panel mounted Acutron, was--I changed it about 4 seco…

306 watch here I kept on G.m.t. 15.5 Miscellaneous Discrepancies Cooper OK, I have a little list of discrepancies list that I might just include here. These are discrepancies that I noted during the flight and some of them have been noted before, but I might just hit them real…

307 platform mode should work very well. There's no reason why it shouldn't work very well and I just can't help but believe it was probably in the OAMS system. 8. I would strongly recommend unsnapable legs on a harness like a regular aircraft parachute harness with adjustable b…

308 hands and in particular the bright overhead one is very hot. Conrad One other--let's see, we talked about the purge switches being 3-positioned rather than spring loaded. And one other thing we noticed, one systems glitch which seemed to affect either scanner--out over the…

309 gigantic fires on the ground and just out of curiosity I want to know where we were--and it happened on the sixth day at 01 hours 02 minutes and 15 seconds so maybe we'll be able to find out where we were. That's all I got, Gordo, how about you, anything more? Cooper No. F…

310 15.6 Medical Aspects Cooper I agree completely that the crew area here should be isolated from the medics. I don't feel that the medical department should have anything whatsoever to do with crew quarters; otherwise, I think the crew should just go right ahead and live up t…

311 urination systems, drinking water systems, and pre-flight set-up type things. As far as the medical-- I'd like to hit that specifically.

312 We landed on the carrier at mid-morning, carrier time, and we accomplished not one bit of debriefing or operational work throughout that day at all. We went to bed that night without ever having done one bit of our own debriefing of any kind, whatsoever. The entire day was s…

313 unnecessary, and, again, was just a matter of research rather than anything else.